The cyclone introduces the mixture tangentially into the cyclone under a certain pressure to generate a high-speed rotating flow field in the cylindrical chamber.

The dense components of the mixture move downwards in the axial direction, outwards in the radial direction, and downwards along the conical wall under the action of the vortex field, and are discharged from the bottom outlet, thus forming an outer vortex field; The low-density component moves towards the central axis, forming an upward moving internal vortex at the center of the axis, which is then discharged through the overflow port to achieve the purpose of two-phase separation.

As a typical device that combines centrifugal force and gravity, the cyclone has a simple structure, small footprint, easy installation and operation, and low operating costs, and has been applied in many fields.

The working principle of the cyclone is to use strong centrifugal force to achieve separation of the mixture under high-speed rotation. For example, traditional static cyclones use external pressure to push the feed mixture into the interior of the cyclone separator at a higher rate. Due to the tangential movement of the mixture along the cyclone, this will cause the liquid to move along the barrel. The wall rotates and is commonly referred to as an external vortex.

The particles in the external vortex are subjected to centrifugal force. If its density is greater than the density of the surrounding liquid, the centrifugal force it receives increases. Once the centrifugal force exceeds the liquid resistance caused by motion, the particles will overcome that resistance. The wall moves in the direction of the wall and separates from the surrounding liquid. The particles near the device wall are pushed down along the wall by the liquid above the cyclone.

The suspension is collected near the bottom flow port and becomes a thickened suspension, which is then discharged from the bottom flow port. The separated liquid continues to move downwards and enters the conical section. As the inner diameter of the hydraulic cyclone gradually decreases, the rotational speed of the liquid increases. Due to the uneven radial pressure distribution of the liquid when eddy currents are generated, the closer it is to the axis, the smaller the distance from the axis, and the closer it is to zero.

Simply put, the principle is rotary centrifugal, with a dehydration rate of 40-50%, mainly depending on the inlet pressure during the operation of the cyclone station, which directly affects the dehydration effect of the vacuum belt conveyor. The cyclone mainly relies on the centrifugal force to achieve the concentration and classification of the slurry. For gypsum cyclones, the main focus is on primary dewatering. Send the absorption tower slurry to the gypsum cyclone separator for concentration and particle classification, return the lean oil overflow to the absorption tower, and send the concentrated bottom material flow to the vacuum dewatering belt conveyor for gypsum dewatering. The overflow solid content of gypsum cyclone separator is generally between 1% and 3% (mass content), and the solid particles are very fine. They are mainly used as absorbents for incomplete reactions, such as small gypsum crystals. The former continues to participate in desulfurization reactions, while the latter grows with crystal nuclei in the crystal pool, which affects the formation of large crystals in the next stage. The solid content of the bottom flow of a cyclone separator is usually between 45% and 50% (by mass), and the solid phase is mainly coarse gypsum crystals. The purpose of the vacuum dehydration belt conveyor is to remove free water between these large grains.

During the operation of the cyclone, due to the particle size difference between coarse and fine particles in the slurry, mineral particles enter the casing of the hydraulic cyclone through the feed pipe under pressure. Under the action of centrifugal force, coarse particles move downward with the slurry and are eventually discharged from the settling port, while fine particles move upward with the slurry Flow and discharge from the overflow pipe. During operation, mineral particles deviate from the flow direction of the flow field under the action of centrifugal force and undergo strong rotational motion. Under the severe erosion of the processed slurry, the wall of the hydraulic cyclone is impacted and rubbed by mineral particles, resulting in serious wear problems.

Method: The wear and wear resistance of hydrocyclones have always received great attention. In order to solve the problem of severe wear of hydrocyclones, the use of wear-resistant materials is one of the main ways to solve the wear problem of hydrocyclones. At present, commonly used wear-resistant materials include rubber, alloy cast iron, cast stone, etc. The commonly used methods to address the severe wall wear of hydrocyclones are to liner rubber, cast iron, or apply wear-resistant abrasives inside the cyclone, or to make the entire cyclone with wear-resistant rubber to increase the wear resistance of the hydrocyclone wall. When choosing and purchasing a hydraulic cyclone, attention should be paid to the wear resistance of the equipment. For example, mining equipment can provide rubber liners and bushings, which have good wear resistance and can greatly increase the wear resistance of hydrocyclones.